Dr Bartłomiej Nowak, expert at the Centre for International Relations, in a conversation with Agnieszka Lichnerowicz: "Instead of transitioning from level 2 to level 3 sactions, the EU suddenly created a couple of intermediate levels in between. Few remember that sanctions aim to deter and to counteract, and not only to condemn. After all, they can always be undone. The problem also is that Putin has no good way out. He reawakened nationalist sentiments in Russia to such an extent, and with the aid of media created an alternative reality, that he closed off for himself all possible ways of withdrawal from the conflict".

 Listen to the interview in Polish on radio TOK FM's website >>>